I'm just writing in English for the public's sake, but I'm hungarian as well. The other answers say most things about the effects already so I'll focus on that last bit.
Fuck the government and what it's doing. They arrested my doctor and yet I still came home (I live abroad), through the airport and everything. They don't get to influence what I'm doing legally, and please don't change who you are for them. Transitioning is not illegal and as long as we're in the EU, it won't be.
You can get a prescription from endocrinologists, which any prescription-taking pharmacy will fulfill (BENU even lets you preorder them, just bring the prescription when you go pick it up). If you're having trouble getting a referral, try a private place, they're not that expensive (I had a smooth process at https://drrose.hu/, they will give you their lower price with your TAJ number, make sure to set the language to HU on the site to show them), but ofc not everyone has the means.
Alternatively, any EU-issued prescription should be valid, as prescriptions are cross-border afaik. So you should be able to get a prescription abroad in the EU, then fulfill it at home. Or fulfill it there and bring the stuff back home (check import rules on how much you can bring at one time).