There’s a huge difference between a highway and an airport runway. Runways for large aircraft are pretty complex. They can be 20 or so inches thick with layers of a substrate, then reinforced concrete, then a top asphalt layer. The asphalt is also typically a special type that provides higher friction & flexibility to allow for thermal expansion. Granted, Russia is likely to cut corners, but that just risks damaging the aircraft on takeoff or landing if any debris is kicked up, if the runway buckles under the weight of the aircraft, cracks form from the sun heating it up, etc.

They most likely didn't strike the runway. They hit the equipment/buildings that make the runway functional and any aircraft surprised on the ground.

Refueling systems, mechanical bays, radars, etc are all pretty easy to destroy.

They are also huuuuuge, a few drones only make a few dents. Lots of room to space out expensive assets