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World-leading scientists have called for a halt on research to create “mirror life” microbes amid concerns that the synthetic organisms would present an “unprecedented risk” to life on Earth.

The international group of Nobel laureates and other experts warn that mirror bacteria, constructed from mirror images of molecules found in nature, could become established in the environment and slip past the immune defences of natural organisms, putting humans, animals and plants at risk of lethal infections.

Many molecules for life can exist in two distinct forms, each the mirror image of the other. The DNA of all living organisms is made from “right-handed” nucleotides, while proteins, the building blocks of cells, are made from “left-handed” amino acids. Why nature works this way is unclear: life could have chosen left-handed DNA and right-handed proteins instead.

The fresh concerns over the technology are revealed in a 299-page report and a commentary in the journal Science. While enthusiastic about research on mirror molecules, the report sees substantial risks in mirror microbes and calls for a global debate on the work.

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[-] Boozilla@lemmy.world 123 points 6 days ago

And here I thought my late 2024 anxiety level was maxed out already.

[-] solrize@lemmy.world 31 points 6 days ago

It gets worse. They are also working on mirror physics, where they launch orbiting observatories made of antimatter. What could possibly go wrong.

[-] CarbonIceDragon@pawb.social 33 points 6 days ago

Antimatter does not replicate the way microbes do to be fair. It's dangerous to handle in large enough amounts obviously, be we don't have the energy to produce enough to create a serious danger nor the technology to store that amount at once.

[-] tdawg@lemmy.world 7 points 6 days ago

Ya the total amount of antimatter ever produced is something insaly small like 10 nanograms

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[-] ieatpwns@lemmy.world 53 points 6 days ago

Ahh yes, man made horrors beyond our comprehension

[-] Tudsamfa@lemmy.world 18 points 5 days ago* (last edited 5 days ago)

Proteins and DNA and their mirrored counterparts behave like the Tetris L and ⅃ blocks, basically the same but you cannot rotate them to fit in a hole meant for the other. Fitting in holes is, somewhat literally, how most processes of life work on the sub-cellular level.

Processes like the immune system. And if an experimental microbe from mirrored DNA doesn't fit in the holes your immune system uses to identify things, because all the proteins curve the wrong way, there's no telling how it behaves, even if the unmirrored version is one of the most studied organisms. And it's not just your immune system, it's every living things' one. And 1 microbe alone is a potential pandemic.

I am no expert, but I hope the horror is comprehensible now. If not, I imagine minuteEarth's video on mirrored molecules is basically the same reasoning here, with the caveat that mirrored DNA tends to make more of itself.

[-] ieatpwns@lemmy.world 11 points 5 days ago

The incomprehensible part was that we don’t know how bad things can get if this stuff got out into the wild. I got the chiral parts lol thanks for the further explanation

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[-] QuantumSparkles@sh.itjust.works 6 points 5 days ago

I get the fear but what about those of us that want a Symbiote-suit?

[-] yarr@feddit.nl 27 points 5 days ago

Mirror bacteria are just like the normal bacteria around us every day, except if you look at them under a microscope they all have evil looking goatees.

[-] prole 35 points 5 days ago

Sure. Why not. Add it to the pile.

[-] nickwitha_k@lemmy.sdf.org 33 points 6 days ago

This seems like something that really is a minimal risk. Pathogens are pathogens because they are able to make use of our bodies as raw materials to reproduce. Unless they are able to make use of both enantiomers in their biology, there's little benefit to dedicating resources to colonizing us.

Probably a bigger concern would be outcompeting and displacing organisms lower on the food chain.

[-] figjam@midwest.social 23 points 6 days ago

If mirrored microbes require mirrored antibodies to be killed that is something no living thing on earth has the ability to create.

[-] nickwitha_k@lemmy.sdf.org 21 points 6 days ago

Absolutely. Conversely, if mirrored microbes aren't able to make use of building materials in hosts that are mirrors to them, pathogenicity makes little biological sense (microbes don't make us sick out of spite). Now, if they could, that would be a problem. Even if not, they could fatally disrupt the gut microbiome.

The scope of what I suspect to be the greater danger, I've, perhaps understated. Suppose mirror bacteria "escape" and are able to thrive in the surrounding environment. As you note, known life has not evolved to be able to defend against it. This introduces the possibility of the artificial bacteria displacing the natural ones. Since the biosphere involves more complex organisms feeding on the smaller ones, it is plausible that the entire food web could be disrupted, leading to extinction of extant complex life, unless adaptation occurs quick enough.

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[-] prole 16 points 5 days ago* (last edited 5 days ago)

Do you have credentials in this field, or are you just kind of guessing? Because, no offense, but I'm skeptical of random people on internet forums contradicting literal scientists.

[-] SmoothOperator@lemmy.world 14 points 6 days ago

Good point, though I find the part of the commentary relevant:

Although we were initially skeptical that mirror bacteria could pose major risks, we have become deeply concerned. We were uncertain about the feasibility of synthesizing mirror bacteria but have concluded that technological progress will likely make this possible. We were uncertain about the consequences of mirror bacterial infection in humans and animals, but a close examination of existing studies led us to conclude that infections could be severe. Unlike previous discussions of mirror life, we also realized that generalist heterotroph mirror bacteria might find a range of nutrients in animal hosts and the environment and thus would not be intrinsically biocontained

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[-] malo@lemmy.world 14 points 6 days ago

And your background in biology is..?

[-] nickwitha_k@lemmy.sdf.org 21 points 6 days ago

Undergrad in biochemistry with a year research internship. Also, a long, AuADHD-fueled interest with chemistry, industrial microbiology, and reading research papers. Yourself?

[-] malo@lemmy.world 14 points 6 days ago

Ok, on one side we have undergrad and on other international group of Nobel laureates and other experts. Who is probably right..

[-] nickwitha_k@lemmy.sdf.org 16 points 6 days ago

Nobel Laureates have never made ridiculous statements that didn't mesh well with scientific evidence. Kary Mullis, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry, credited with discovering PCR would never be quoted as refuting the evidence of HIV as causative in AIDS, cited in a journal article questioning the evidence, and then the journal article retracted due to it being inaccurately labeled as "Hypothesis and Theory" instead of opinion, factually inaccurate, and dangerous - oh. Oh no:

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6830318/

Next thing, you'll tell me that scientists are humans that are fallible and some of them sometimes engage in ethically-questionable activities and sensationalism for profit.

[-] itsJoelle@lemmy.world 9 points 6 days ago

There exists cases where scientists are wrong therefore my arrogance is correct. Got it :/

[-] nickwitha_k@lemmy.sdf.org 4 points 5 days ago

I'm not sure how I have come off as arrogant. But, I'm fallible just like every other human, including Nobel Laureates. I'm curious to see whether they are actually citing plausible pathogenicity or food web disruption, or if it is just sensationalism from the authors or the science communicator.

[-] FlyingSquid@lemmy.world 10 points 6 days ago
[-] malo@lemmy.world 8 points 6 days ago

i do not disagree, but probability of who is right is not on the side of random lemmy poster in this case.

[-] FlyingSquid@lemmy.world 10 points 6 days ago

Let's refresh your memory on what the original poster you criticized said since you think this is about who is right:

This seems like something that really is a minimal risk. Pathogens are pathogens because they are able to make use of our bodies as raw materials to reproduce. Unless they are able to make use of both enantiomers in their biology, there’s little benefit to dedicating resources to colonizing us.

Probably a bigger concern would be outcompeting and displacing organisms lower on the food chain.

This is someone forming an opinion based on what they know so far. They are clearly a good scientist because they are not making any factual claims here. They are, in fact, doing what any good scientist does and bringing up issues they see with the claims of other scientists.

They are not even saying it wouldn't be an overall problem and I would not be at all surprised if they modify their opinion, which was neither a claim nor a prediction, if they read the 299-page report, but you seem to want a formal rebuttal. A formal rebuttal and a peer review process do not require someone to have a degree and people without degrees have had papers published in scientific journals.

And if they came up with a formal rebuttal and allowed it to be peer-reviewed, would you even read it?

[-] nickwitha_k@lemmy.sdf.org 7 points 6 days ago

~~if~~ when they read the 299-page report

Yup. Planning to crack that open this weekend :).

[-] FlyingSquid@lemmy.world 6 points 6 days ago

Fair enough then! I know I wouldn't have the knowledge to understand any of it.

[-] HellsBelle@sh.itjust.works 7 points 6 days ago

who is right is not on the side of random lemmy poster in this case.

Looking at you, kid.

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[-] ToucheGoodSir@lemy.lol 9 points 6 days ago

Obviously this individual wouldn't be asking unless they had a PhD in molecular nutology

[-] Mr_Dr_Oink@lemmy.world 11 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago)

You read what they wrote and became sceptical of their credentials? I mean, it's healthy to be cautiously sceptical of anything you read/hear to an extent. But to immediately and without any further discussion, call them out in a patronising and condescending way is wild.

It makes me want to know if you have a background in biology. Since you so readily dispute someone else's. Someone who, at least on the surface, seems to know what they are talking about.

In fact, why do you give so much credit to the legitimacy of the article and its writer, there might be a "38 strong group" of nobel laureates and experts warning about this, but the writer of the article adds the spin. The writer decides how to portray the warnings and their urgency. They might be overselling this. And since there is little to no citation in the article, i am more inclined to question the articles' legitimacy before i query this poster....

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[-] Lemminary@lemmy.world 9 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago)

Unless they are able to make use of both enantiomers in their biology

I wouldn't expect that sentence from someone without a background in biology for many, many reasons.

[-] Brumefey@sh.itjust.works 6 points 6 days ago

After browsing facebook for one hour I also got to the conclusion that all those people publishing in Science are lying. /s

[-] TotalFat@lemmy.world 29 points 6 days ago

Evil microbes with little goatees..

[-] theangryseal@lemmy.world 6 points 5 days ago

This was immediately my thought haha

[-] whoisearth@lemmy.ca 26 points 6 days ago* (last edited 6 days ago)

I am NOT a religious man but I'm a strong believer that we are so eager to play God we are forgetting to ask the important questions around if we should.

Personally speaking I think we need to pause on things like this, or AI as another example. We have proven repeatedly we lack the maturity as a species for what we are learning.

That said, you can't put everything back in Pandora's box so for everyone reading this sharing my concern, YOLO and cover your head and wait for the worst.

Edit - the biggest threat to humanity is our unyielding curiosity.

[-] HellsBelle@sh.itjust.works 11 points 6 days ago

It's like that old saying ... Just because we can doesn't mean we should.

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[-] Wahots@pawb.social 3 points 5 days ago

Or do it offworld at least, wired up to a dead man's switch connected to like...a nuke. Nobody infected can leave, and any localized research or pathogens are crisped and blown apart.

Like, seriously, we only have this one green planet for potentially hundreds of light-years around us, which even at the speed of light would take us centuries to reach another earth-like world. We really cannot afford to damage this lifeboat in a vast sea of barren, rocky islands devoid of life, water, or food.

Even climate change is mind boggling to think about, when you realize there's no alternatives anywhere even close. Even with incredibly optimistic technology breakthroughs, we are still centuries away from travelling outside this solar system and making it to the next closest star system (light-years away).

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[-] HellsBelle@sh.itjust.works 24 points 6 days ago

"We knew the world would not be the same. A few people laughed, a few people cried, most people were silent. I remembered the line from the Hindu scripture, the Bhagavad-Gita; Vishnu is trying to persuade the Prince that he should do his duty and, to impress him, takes on his multi-armed form and says, "Now I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds." I suppose we all thought that, one way or another." ~ J. Robert Oppenheimer

The Radiance - Linkin Park (A Thousand Suns)

[-] rumba@lemmy.zip 8 points 5 days ago

Oh, great... Certainly no laboratory in some Les amicable country will continue this research to try to take a stab at fame....

[-] AlecSadler@sh.itjust.works 15 points 6 days ago

It's cool, America has RFK Jr. So...

...it's not cool, actually

[-] hperrin@lemmy.world 11 points 6 days ago

Maybe someone should build 50 underground silos.

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[-] nossaquesapao@lemmy.eco.br 7 points 5 days ago

Did they create some organism yet?

I believe creating life from non living parts available in nature has a great importance in proving that life could definitely have been originated like that. This would have several consequences to how we view the world.

As for the risks, they could agree on destroying all the created life after recording and documenting the results

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[-] _cryptagion@lemmy.dbzer0.com 4 points 5 days ago* (last edited 5 days ago)

Oh, new Rimworld ~~war crime~~ mod idea!

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this post was submitted on 13 Dec 2024
337 points (100.0% liked)

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