there are lots of ways to do it, and I had contingency planning for various levels of emergency

but here's roughly how it goes:

1. job search, find a job in the place you need to move (this can take months to a year or longer)
2. once you have signed the job offer, find apartments or rentals online and sign a lease
3. schedule a moving truck (either rent one to drive yourself, or hire movers to load, drive, and unload)
4. pack all your stuff or hire someone to pack it
5. load the furniture and boxes into the truck yourself or hire movers to move your stuff into the moving truck
6. if you have a car, drive it to the new place so you're there before the moving truck gets there
7. unload the furniture and boxes from the moving truck into the new rental, or hire movers to do that
8. unpack the boxes
9. start the new job
10. if you were in a house before, clean and sell the house in the old place; if it was a rental, then time everything so you leave your old rental with minimal overlap with the new rental, and clean the old rental and do the walk-through before you leave

You can also sell or donate everything you own and start with nothing to reduce the moving costs and labor.

You can also leave first and become homeless and sleep out of your car, etc. until you get a job or rental.

You can also try to move in with a friend or family if they are in a safe state, and then from there hunt for jobs and housing. If there is someone you can stay with, you could even sell your car and take a bus to get there.

There are many ways to leave, but it's all stressful and expensive, and takes a long time to plan and execute - I would give yourself 6 - 12 months to plan and execute a cross-country or cross-state move (assuming you move from somewhere like Texas to a blue state like Oregon, moving from Indiana to Illinois would be less crazy).

If you have a partner, they also have to look for a job, and moving two careers is more complicated than just one.