It definitely sounds like a hardware issue since it has survived multiple disk wipes and distro changes.
- Make and verify your backups now if you don't already have them
- Are you using the command line package manager or GUI?
- What is your current distro?
- Are you near capacity on your storage?
- Run a S.M.A.R.T. test and review the results
Distrobox will resolve your issue with VSCode and then some. Run archlinux, debian or whatever you want as a container. Then, install VSCode/VSCodium (and any other apps that Chimera lacks) inside the container OS. This will keep your development environment containerized and safely away from your host OS.