Ok. Thanks for expressing an opinion.
Here another opinion based on a lot of experiences and other experts.
You're wrong.
Yours is not an opinion that is shared by the community at large.
It's not a practice used at large enterprises that implement increased security* and remove local administrative access on user systems.
It's not a practice used in secure computing environments.
It's not supported by a basic search with the terms "entering sudo password less secure".
As a point you've made that is supported by research, passwords aren't the best solution.
No solution is perfect, passkeys are an option that are being implemented in a lot of places. You can implement that currently if you have the impetus.
Security is a balancing act. You're welcome to disable the password prompt for sudo usage on your systems.
What experience and expertise is grounding your opinion on this matter?
Everything you described is possible using sudo, when configured as desired.
Everything you've described is NOT default configuration in Citrix or Windows. I.e. removing local administrative accounts, domain admin accounts with limited permissions and rotating automatically resetting passwords, etc.
I've worked for several enterprises that require UAC password for elevation every time it's needed as the person with elevated permissions (someone who's smarter than the average user) isn't expected to write down their passwords in accessible spaces.
Most enterprises are using third party products to manage the same structure you've described.
You're describing how a lot of enterprises are managing authentication when handled by a person. Not out of the box configuration.
Again, it's a situation that is customized to the usage scenario. What people have suggested you do with your Linux systems.
As noted previously you can configure sudo as desired by the enterprise.