And the DIS s1 klingons look broadly like the TNG klingons, just exaggerated.
Then as someone who does know a lot about this stuff I can tell you that you are making a lot of assumptions that are not the case.
I mean... not that much. Daleks have gone through three redesigns just since the show went back. Sontarans went from the world's most unconvincing rubber masks to makeup. And how many eyes do Silurians have-- two, or three?
Sadly not yet.
Close, but not exactly. While this community is for in-depth discussion of Star Trek, we don't expect-- and in fact generally discourage-- answering from an in-universe perspective.
Certainly not. But they are nice to see.
Irrelevant to the transporter as the same matter is moved by the matter stream and reassembled in the same order. This is less asking if the ship of Theseus is the same ship after the hull and the mast were replaced and more asking if my kitchen table is still the same after I took the leaf out, folded the legs in, put it in a truck, moved to a new house, and set it back up
but it seems like materialism is the generally accepted philosophy.
Which is absurd as souls objectively exist in Star Trek and at least two major species objectively have them-- which implies most do.
So things may move pretty fast with Korby. A whirlwind rebound after things get awkward with Spock?
It does though. As the others said, Scotty did have to jury-rig some modifications for long-term storage and even then he wasn't able to save the other survivor long-term.