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Intel's CPUs Are Failing, ft. Wendell of Level1 Techs
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The overhead of additional instructions isn't the issue, they often translate those instructions into a smaller set of actual operations. It's not like they have a special circuit for every instruction, a lot of instructions translate to a pipeline of multiple, modular circuits.
The actual silicon will look more like ARM despite having a very large difference in instruction set sizes.
Then why AMD is more efficient then intel and arm nowadays?
That depends on what you mean, but here are a few reasonable explanations:
Anyway, that's my take.
Thank you for detailed explanation
Correction, meteor lake's (Intel 14th gen) CPU tile is on the Intel 4 process (though admittedly that's a 7nm euv process). And they've also moved to a chiplet design. (CPU, GPU and IO are on 3 different processes)