It's because it's not actually about any other characteristic than being a woman. One saying I've heard is that "women have to work twice as hard as a man and for half the benefit."

I've heard added on for Black women, though I imagine it applies to many groups too to some degree, "A black woman has to work ten times as hard for a tenth the benefit."

Good grief that list- is there anything not on it?

(I know, I know, it’s about anything on that list, but still.)

too educated

This is a very odd criticism, especially in regards to leaders.

The HBR article summarizing some of the findings has a lot of really interesting figures and a lot of links to other research in the space.