For anyone going through the modlog and wondering why this was removed:
The image itself was harmless (I even upvoted it!), but shortly thereafter Lemmy.world got hit with a wave of CSAM.
To clarify, this image was not CSAM. But the admins deleted all pictures uploaded during that time, and due to a bug in Kbin this image kept trying to load but was failing to. Kbin would refresh and send anyone looking at the feed to a 404 page.
This made it impossible for me to monitor the community as a mod, so I removed it since the image was broken anyway (verified by going to Lemmy.world and checking there).
But OP is more than welcome to repost this image now that Lemmy.world has gotten everything sorted out! :)