Imagine widgets are $10 in country A, but a company in country B can make and sell them for $8. Buyers are likely to buy the cheapest (all else being equal). A 100% tariff would turn $8 into $16. Company B still only gets $8, but they now look far more expensive to customers in country A.

They are designed to price out external competitors to local companies. This can be used to protect industries. Steel is a good example. China can make steel far cheaper than the rest of the world. However, steel plants take a long time to build and get producing. You generally don't want a potential rival to have control of the materials you need for war production.

Another legit use is to account for local regulations. If you require local companies to pay in a carbon credit system, an external company could undercut them from abroad. A tariff would help level the playing field.

None of these apply to what trump is doing. He's swinging a claymore mine around like a toy hammer. It causes huge damage to all involved.

Trump's tariffs make Canadian stuff more expensive for Americans, so they'll tend to buy less Canadian stuff. Without retaliatory tariffs, Americans only buy American stuff, and Canadians continue to buy American stuff, so nobody is buying Canadian stuff. This hurts Canada because nobody is buying their stuff. With retaliatory tariffs, US stuff becomes more expensive in Canada, so it encourages Canadians to stop buying American and spend their money in Canada.

Do tarrifs really just make things more expensive for the home country? How do they effect the country the tarrifs are imposed on?

It makes it harder for that country to sell. Which means layoffs and loss of asset value there. The most dramatic example is the auto industry. They're talking about just closing shop immediately, because their business plan depends on moving things back and forth across the border as they gradually get assembled.

If this goes on as long as I suspect, there will be new businesses that bubble up to use the same resources, but it's never going to be as nice as a single integrated continent, and in the meanwhile, time is money, things can't grow and develop while just sitting there. Not to mention the workers that now don't know how to put food on the table.

Genuine question, if Trump’s tariffs just make things expensive for Americans why would we put retaliatory tariffs that effect us?

That's actually a separate question. It's a matter of tit-for-tat, partly. But, there's also the fact that the US government is pocketing all those tariffs. If we didn't have a bit of extra income to match, I imagine it'd get really hard for the government to pay for things with our now weaker currency. Not retaliating was considered, though.

Not an economic, but everything is entangled

Say you have two products: one from USA ($110) and the same from Canada ($100). Now we impose a tariff of 25 pct on the Canadian product ($125).

This means that consumers are going to buy the cheaper product, resulting in less income for the Canadian manufacturer.

The USA manufacturer can increase the price to $120, and still be cheaper than their Canadian counterpart. All while prices for customers are increasing

Producers like to film in Toronto while pretending that it's NYC. X-Men and What We Do In The Shadows are the first things that come to mind. I still find it hilarious that the "Westchester" Train Station in X1 is in Hamilton (I believe)

A subtler crossover is Ramona Flowers being from NYC

No problems, make exceptions for anything that was made involving Canada!

Vancouver is a huge TV filming location as well.

VPN with multi-hop proxy, my bratha/sista.

In that case, the Candian government should set up an official service for downloading American stuff. Making it easy to find things would be worth a nominal fee for a lot of people.

Pretty sure Canada could do as good of a job as anyone though.

And he's stupid for going along with it - a smart Russian asset US president would get something in return other than a pat on the head.