Technically a funicular or a lift, but close enough.

From the thumbnail I thought this was a Ghibli movie

I wonder what was there first, the doors or the rail tracks. Did the people who live there have to replace their doors with narrower ones or turn one door into two doors, like the yellow one close to the camera? Did the construction workers measure how close they can get to the wall without crashing into any doors? And the same questions could be asked about the little balconies. Old places that constantly adapt to new technologies are really cool and very interesting, at least from the perspective of someone who's never been there.