This, I think, is the Moon's terminator. The boundary of what's lit up by sunlight and what's not in the sunlight. So this is just all Moon, with no night sky visible.

To take pictures of the stars, you would need a camera on a really long exposure, at the very least. They're so very faint; even then they wouldn't look too different to how we see them with our eyes.

It's hard enough trying to take a picture of planets past Saturn/Uranus. They're so distant. You'd need what astronomers use to see any details. So far away, and so faint.