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Linux Laptop for (student) programmer
(discuss.tchncs.de)
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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.
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If you want to learn how to program (C++, Jave, etc.), the most hardware demanding task is using the browser. So, your requirements couldn't be any lower. Any toaster from the past say 8 years will do fine.
E.g. have a look the the Dell Latitude 7480. You can get it second hand in really good shape upwards from 200 EUR. It's well built, well repairable, works well with Linux and the battery lasts a day.
Forget about GPUs. (iGPUs are sufficient, dGPUs are expensive, unnecessary for your use-case and draw lots of battery.)
P.S. And have a look at Arch Linux.
P.P.S. You might also have a look at war games.
Running a mongo database, an express server in VSCode with nodejs, the Angular app, also in VSCode with nodejs and the browsers proved a bit difficult for my existing (and ooold) refurbed Dell latitude. It might have been the last windoofs update that brought it to bay, too. I don't know.
Thank you for the wargames, I am going to try my hand.