I'm going to point one that hasn't been mentioned. Infrastructure.

Highways, roads, streets have way too many lanes that are way too wide. This encourages drivers to drive faster. Faster driving makes overall the roads and vehicles to feel more dangerous, because they are. People's response is to want and acquire larger, heavier an faster vehicles that make them feel safer in those hostile roads.

This is what contemporary urbanism is talking about when they say that infrastructure determines behavior. You can alter people's behavior by changing the shape of infrastructure.

The problem in most of the western world is that the answer of authorities (heavily misled by car and oil industry) has been to make more lanes that are wider. In the false belief that this would make roads safer. When in reality the result is the opposite. Other measures like police enforced fines, speed limits, etc. Are also useless to mitigate the lack of safety and carry a huge set of problems with them like systematic discrimination and endemic corruption.

The answer is to make narrower lanes, with fewer lanes in densely populated area, less parking, traffic calmed and car traffic banned zones. Protect bicicles and pedestrians with concrete traffic segregation. Impose aditional fees and taxes for vehicles above a certain weight and parking space take up. Those things will signal people that it's fine to drive a smaller, slower vehicle, it's fine to use public transport instead. Along with more public transport options available.