Only for low bass rumble/roar, but I haven't seen any noise cancelling subwoofers for some reason. Passive bass traps exist. They work because a point sink can absorb bass from a large volume of air, because of the long wavelength of low-frequency sound.

It wouldn't work for higher frequency (shorter wave) noise because the loudspeaker could only absorb the small part of the wavefront that collides with it, and the rest would pass by. As useless as trying to cancel light pollution from street lights by adding a few vantablack objects to the room.

Theoretically it could perform better if the system had microphones where the noise was coming inside (window probably), cameras to continuously track the positions of your ears, and some computation to solve what anti-noise to play from each loudspeaker when, so that the noises would combine out of phase at your ears. The system would have to be taught the room's reflective properties by you wearing microphones in your ears for a few hours when the typical noise was active. It still wouldn't be as effective as adding a better window on the noise leaking window.