It's mostly about positioning.
MTC aims for a balance between standard rich-media real-time messaging, including audio/video calls (WhatsApp-like), and privacy (full peer-to-peer, no registration, no phone number).
The target is a standard messaging-app user who wants more privacy for their conversations without giving up the features they're used to.
Jami uses a very similar set of protocols, the main difference is how peers are discovered, Jami uses a distributed hash table (OpenDHT) where every device is a node on the network, which can mean more setup friction and a more technical experience, aimed at a more tech-savvy audience. One side effect is that your IP is visible to DHT nodes, in MTC it's only ever exposed to your actual contact and the TURN relay.
Not quite, SimpleX runs on a client-server architecture, messages route through relay servers that hold them temporarily until delivered, then delete them. MTC messages go device to device with nothing storing them in between, not even temporarily.