Calendar with several reminders (3 days before, 2 days before, several hours before etc.) for long term events, alarms for everything up to a week away.
Visual and spatial cues where I need them for routine building. I have dedicated spots (imagine a shelf) for important stuff, let's say medication. It only works if the routine is built around it, otherwise the spot becomes "invisible" after time and completely phases out of existence for me. Again, routine building is key.
To support that, or to be reminded of temporary chores around the house etc., I sometimes program restaurant pagers that buzz and blink, they're integrated into my home automation setup. Here, the key is to predict times when I'll have free time to execute the task and be in the right mental state to do it - again, took years to figure those times out. Change something in my environment or time schedule, and I'm fucked.
Well organized notes, I use Joplin. The key here is a multi step process, e. g. to go back to the thought dumps and organize them later, when there is time.
Overall, I want to add that improvement is definitely possible - I have kids and run a business, but if all those weird methods and quirks sound esoteric and exhausting to regular folks, rest assured they are.