The study of Biomimicry (or Biomimetics) looks at elements and systems of nature and attempts to replicate them to solve complex human problems. This is applied in fields from materials science to architecture. Some examples of biomimicry include: How the tiny hooks on bur fruits inspired Velcro. Leonardo da Vinci’s flying machine inspired by the structure of bat wings. Shark skin is being studied to improve movement through water. Geckoes climbing ability on walls and ceilings due to their micrometer-scale hair-like setae on their feet have inspired special adhesive tape. Colorful Morpho butterfly wings have inspired display technology. There are many more examples in this fascinating field of study. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomimetics