"my foot itches, what's the best shotgun I can get to blast it off". this is like problemXY.

a 2-year old ex-flagship is a beast of a device. how do I know? because I run a 7-year old not-flagship and it's a beast. you tear google's shit out and keep using it. you can even keep using GCam with a "yeah-playservices-is-present" faker and then disable GCam's network access.

Google is an adversary. start treating it as such.

Have you tried one of the custom rom OS's, like CalyxOS or Graphene? You can use their built in firewall to disconnect Google's Photo app. It also uses MicroG for google play services and the like, so basically de-googled.

If you need waterproof, the Olympus TG series has long been my phone camera/de-Googling go-to. It ticks most of your requirements. I love its macro modes and it's definitely pocketable. Also stands up to a lot of abuse and has a strong market for accessories,

I like the Olympus OM-D. Their PEN series might be what you want, because it's rather slim for a real camera. I think there could even be GPS.

But remember that some physical size is needed to have these optical qualties that a phone cannot have.