My best guess is that we will be living in habitats on Earth with a significantly smaller population.

Our habitats will probably be underground and small, to give us better environmental protection. We probably won't own much of anything. Everything of significant value will be rented or leased, so that the government can maintain tight control over every resource available.

Most of our power by that point will either be nuclear fission or fusion. I expect that the surface weather will be too hostile for anything like solar, wind, ect.

I'm going to speculate that most populations along the equator will end up migrating towards the polls due to the extreme volatility of the weather. It'll either result in a horrible war, or countries dissolving as their populace suffers due to famine or environmental disasters.

We'll grow most of our food in hydroponic hot houses. I don't think we'll be eating meat from animals regularly. The majority will be vat grown, and "natural" meat with be a rare and expensive luxury.

Healthcare will be amazing, if you can afford it and if the resources to make drugs are still available. Peptide-based medications will be used to treat a lot of common health issues. Gene editing will be common for genetic diseases. If you need an organ replacement, they'll be able to grow you one. We'll probably be able to live a lot longer, with a higher quality of life.

While we're holed up underground, humanity will likely pursue the stars earnestly. If we're lucky, it'll turn into a collective effort between many countries. If we're unlucky, it'll be a bloody scramble for resources and scientific intel.

Either way, I think humanity will still be here in 10,000 years. I don't think it will be pretty. But, we're insanely adaptive.