Full credit to reddit user asymmetricsquare for this post.

This expands on the first post regarding this topic.

TL;DR: When approving the patent for the LK-99 room temperature superconductor, the PATENT EXAMINER added a citation to a different superconductor patent from the CREATOR of the U.S. Navy's "Craft using an inertial mass reduction device" which sounds a lot like a UAP-reverse engineered craft. The patent examiner did this because in their opinion the superconductor patent from the U.S. Navy author was relevant prior art.

LK-99 is the room-temperature ambient-pressure superconductor that has been subject to much speculation this week, being in the scientific news nearly every day. There's even prediction markets tracking its replicability, allowing people to bet on whether or not they think the science behind it will check out. LK-99 has not yet definitively proven to be viable as a superconductor from third party labs, however, labs around the world are working on replicating it. We should know definitively within the next couple of weeks.

To quote a Princeton University physics researcher from the day the paper was released,

Today might have seen the biggest physics discovery of my lifetime. I don't think people fully grasp the implications of an ambient temperature / pressure superconductor.

LK-99 validating would change the world in a variety of ways, facilitating numerous breakthroughs like lossless long-haul electricity transmission, near-100% efficient engines, revolutionizing the semiconductor industry, and perhaps even aiding the development of fusion reactors.

If LK-99 replicates the discovery will almost certainly win a Nobel prize.

How does the new superconductor LK-99 potentially relate to UAPs?

UAPs have been widely speculated to use some type of gravitational propulsion system ("anti-gravity"). There's a variety of hypothesized technologies that might enable anti-gravity.

One of the most studied methods for producing anti-gravitational effects has involved using superconductors.

For example, Ning Li, an anti-gravity researcher in Huntsville, AL published a variety of research on anti-gravity in the 1990's. Ning Li's papers on this subject are listed below:

• (January 15, 1991). "Effects of a gravitomagnetic field on pure superconductors". Physical Review
• (September 1, 1992). "Gravitational effects on the magnetic attenuation of superconductors". Physical Review.
• (August 1, 1993). "Gravito-electric coupling via superconductivity". Foundations of Physics Letters.
• (August 1997). "Static Test for a Gravitational Force Coupled to Type II YBCO Superconductors". Physica C.

Superconductors have been so key to anti-gravity research that none other than the Defense Intelligence Agency has a report, which The Black Vault found via FOIA, titled "The Role of Superconductors in Gravity Research" which is worth a read to any curious Redditors. Ning Li is referenced on pages 3 and 4 of this document, FYI.

Eugene Podkletnov is also an anti-gravity researcher based out of Russia who is well known in the alternative-propulsion community for his work on anti-gravity. He is a Russian ceramics engineer known for his claims made in the 1990s of designing and demonstrating gravity shielding devices consisting of rotating discs constructed from ceramic superconducting materials. Eugene Podkletnov is deserving of an entire post being written about his research. He's a super interesting guy.

The LK-99 Patent

Obviously, any researcher who thinks they have achieved such a milestone breakthrough wants to patent their work so they can reap the financial benefits of their hard efforts. The researchers associated with LK-99 also did this. Patent filings are public. The patent for LK-99 was filed on August 25, 2022, and was approved/published March 2, 2023. The patent is visible in full here.

What are the requirements for a patent? The invention must be statutory, new, useful, and non-obvious. The last three requirements are pretty clear as to what they mean, and, "statutory" means "processes, machines, articles of manufacture, and compositions of matter" are patentable, whereas everything else isn't. (for example, a researcher can't go patent a leaf they found on a tree, that they did not create themselves)

Regarding timing of the patent, for an invention to be patentable it must not have been "disclosed" to the public prior to the application for the patent. Publishing a paper with your research prior to filing the patent would make your invention non-patentable. This is why the researchers filed their patents last year and the research only became public this year.

What goes in a patent and how does it get there? You need to put a clear enough description of your invention that the patent office can review it fully for these requirements. An invention does not need to be functional to be patentable (although it helps if it is).

Your patent is supposed to cite all prior art that may be relevant (other patents). If you do not cite prior art your patent can be invalidated.

What specific patents does the LK-99 patent cite?

Prior art citations can come from several sources. The two main ways are as an applicant you can either add the citations to prior art yourself, or the patent examiners will add them as they review your patent, based on their findings/determination of what is "prior art." Google's patent page shows who added the citations. There is a third way where a third party can add a citation for you as well.

As is visible here on the patent filing for LK-99, the patent examiner added five patent citations to the LK-99 patent. We can determine it's the patent examiner examiner who added the citations because of the star next to the filing. To be clear, the LK-99 researchers themselves did not add these citations.

The patent citation that stands out here is the "Piezoelectricity-induced Room Temperature Superconductor" citation. The reason that it stands out is the Assignee for that patent is "United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy," and the author of that patent is "Salvatore Cezar Pais."

What else has Salvatore Cezar Pais invented?

I want to be blatantly clear here - the LK-99 researchers appear to not even have been aware of the Navy's patent existence, as they did not cite it themselves. The U.S. patent office added the citation. However, in my opinion that might make it an even more notable citation that when looking for prior-art on this, the U.S. patent office examiner thought that this U.S. Navy "UAP patent" was a relevant citation.

If you load the page with a complete list of his patents you can see Salvatore Cezar Pais has three issued patents. Those three patents are for:

• Piezoelectricity-induced High Temperature Superconductor (filed 2019)
• High frequency gravitational wave generator (filed 2017)
• Craft using an inertial mass reduction device (filed 2016)

Those two prior patents on "craft using an inertial mass reduction device" and "high frequency gravitational wave generator" sound a heck of a lot like anti-gravity.

The media widely referred to his craft patent as a "UFO Patent." Salvatore has come up repeatedly for these filings in the UFO community media. In January 2021 TheDrive did a whole write-up on the Navy craft patent, stating "The Navy spent three years and considerable sums of money testing the 'Pais Effect' and may have transferred the program to another agency." However, about a week later the Navy finally responded, after five years of speculation, basically stating the craft did not work, and denying it had been transferred to another agency.

Which is interesting to hear the Navy respond that way, because the Navy had previously claimed the craft and associated patents were "operable."

It's notable that the other two patents Salvatore Cezar Pais filed were filed after the initial filing pertaining to this "inertial mass reduction craft." They obviously appear to be related (high frequency gravitational wave generator, and high temperature superconductor). This is the type of sequential patent filing process you would expect if he had invented a craft he believed was functional, and then went on to subsequently patent various novel components of that craft.

So is LK-99's patent citation to a "Piezoelectricity-induced High Temperature Superconductor" actually a UAP patent citation?

Maybe. We don't know for sure. The media narrative from through 2021 in particular referred to his craft patent filing as a "UFO patent," and the subsequent filings seem very related.

Based on the timeline of the patent filings from Salvatore Cezar Pais it seems plausible that particular patent filing was based on his work on the "Craft using an inertial mass reduction device." That filing is the closest thing the Navy has ever disclosed to a UAP, or some technology stemming from the reverse engineering of a UAP. That craft/device, if you read up on it, sounds a lot like an anti-gravity craft, and the other patent he had filed was relating to a gravitational wave generator.

The sequence of patent filings (craft first, superconductor/gravitational waves after) might be what an inventor would do as well to ensure that there is not public domain disclosure of each individual component of the filing, ensuring each is patentable at the time of filing. It'd be great if someone who was familiar with intellectual property/patent law would weigh in on this.

If LK-99 replicates successfully, does that mean we will have anti-gravity devices?

Probably not, but who knows. It's interesting though. Historically the superconductor public anti-gravity researchers worked with was YBCO, but that only superconducts at liquid nitrogen temperatures, making it difficult to work with and limiting its applicability for propulsion.

A true room-temperature superconductor, if any of these anti-gravity effects pertaining to superconductors check out, would be a game changer as far as facilitating easier research into the anti-gravity area of science. I am not an anti-gravity scientist so I have no idea if these anti-gravity effects are real, the specifics of how they work, or the likelihood of them being viable.

I did, however, think it was was interesting to connect the dots on these patent filings.

May be working with Salvatore Pais (in-person) to live stream an attempted re-creation of the LK-99 superconductor. Let’s find out if it’s BS. In the meantime, watch this with Sal

This will be very interesting if Curt is able to live stream this.

Recommended podcasts featuring Dr. Salvatore Pais:

• Dr. Salvatore Pais | Intuitive Science, Conscious Universe & The Philosophy of Physics - Project Unity
• Unlocking the Secrets: Salvatore Pais, UFO Patents, Quantum Gravity - Theories of Everything with Curt Jaimungal
• Salvatore Pais Λ Stephon Alexander: Casimir Gravity - Theories of Everything with Curt Jaimungal - Recommended by /u/grabyourmotherskeys@lemmy.world