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ELI5 How data can be transferred by a laser or beam?
(lemmy.world)
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That’s how fiber optic cables work now.
You can use a laser for line of sight through the air, so you don’t have to lay fiber. So ship to shore
How it is transmitted, others in this thread have said, light on is a 1 off is a zero, now just transmitting information in binary. You can go as fast as you can reliably turn it off and on, and understand the info at the other end.
The real trick is using multiple wavelengths at the same time. So your data goes at 100nm mine at 110nm and yes that is a gross oversimplification.