Star Trek also assumes a truly post-scarcity society in which capitalism plays, at most, a small part.
One of the problems we face in assessing human potential is that we pretty much only know of humans since the Neolithic, when authority and wealth became increasingly centralized. In the Star Trek universe, while authority remains hierarchical and highly centralized, economic inequality is somewhat diminished. These are different sets of social premises and the outcomes might vary.
@bgainor @dethstrobe
The chronology here is a bit backwards. The reason James Kirk marooned Khan is that Khan was plainly too dangerous a psychopath to transport back to a mental health facility.